volcanoes are not found in cold climates, only in warm areas they do not have snow on them.Students often believe that earthquakes occur when the sun heats the Earth's surface causing it to expand and crack while others believe that earthquakes erupt.Īpart from believing that the lava comes from the centre of the Earth, other views about volcanoes include: the Earth contains only molten rock except for the solid crust. the crust floats on a sea of liquid rock, i.e.under the Earth there are central fires, magnets and underground seas.landforms such as mountains, seas and continents do not change.lava in volcanoes comes from the centre of the Earth, it is pushed up to the surface.soil can extend several kilometres under the Earth's surface.These ideas are also related to the focus idea This is in total contrast with the extremely short (in geological terms) time involved in the ideas they will have of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. This mismatch becomes even more extreme with the issue of time given that the time periods involved in the movement of tectonic plates are huge way beyond anything students have encountered before. Tectonic plates is a very demanding one as it creates a substantial mismatch with what we are able to see. While students will have seen images of erupting volcanoes and be aware of earthquakes, the idea that rocks and continents are constantly moving as part of enormous but relatively thin Understanding what lies beneath the surface of the Earth is particularly difficult for students because it is beyond their direct observational experience. Contrasting student and scientific viewsĬontrasting student and scientific views Student everyday experiences.
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